Reference Sources - Recommended by Dr. Abou El Fadl

Bailey, Harold, ed. The Cambridge History of Iran, 8 Vols. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1993.

Bosworth, Clifford E. The Islamic Dynasties. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1967.

Bosworth, Clifford E. The New Islamic Dynasties. New York: Columbia University Press, revised ed., 1996.

Browne, Edward G. A Literary History of Persia, 4 Vols. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1902-24.

Daly, M.W. and Carl F. Petry, eds. The Cambridge History of Egypt, 2 Vols. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

The Encyclopedia of Islam, new ed. 9 vols., in progress. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1954--.

Holt, P.M., et al., eds. Cambridge History of Islam, 2 Vols. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1970.

Lane, E.W. Arabic-English Lexicon, 2 Vols. Cambridge, UK: The Islamic Texts Society, 1984.

Simon, Reeva S., Philip Mattar and Richard W. Bulliet, eds. The Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East, 4 Vols. New York: Macmillan, 1996.